Types of Animals That Can Be Kept as Pets

Before You Choose a Pet

A “good” pet is not just cute or popular. It is an animal whose needs you can realistically meet for its entire life. Before deciding on a pet, think about:

• Time: How many hours a day can you spend on feeding, training, cleaning and company?
• Space: Do you live in a small apartment or a large house with a yard?
• Budget: Can you afford food, bedding, toys, grooming and vet care?
• Allergies: Does anyone in your home have allergies to fur, feathers or hay?
• Noise & mess: How much barking, meowing, chirping, or cleaning are you okay with?
• Local laws: Are there rules about certain breeds or exotic species where you live?

Dogs are one of the most popular companion animals in the world. They’re social, intelligent and often deeply bonded with their human families. Different breeds have very different energy levels, sizes and personalities, so choosing the right match is important.

• Strong companionship and emotional support.
• Encourage regular exercise through walks and play.
• Can be trained for many tasks: tricks, sports, assistance work and more.

• Need daily walks, training, social contact and mental stimulation.
• Vet bills, grooming and quality food can be expensive.
• Some breeds shed heavily or have strong barking tendencies.

Cats are independent yet affectionate pets. Many are happy indoors if given enough enrichment and safe places to climb, scratch and hide. They usually groom themselves, but they still need playtime, proper nutrition and regular health checks.

• Often easier to keep in apartments than large dogs.
• Use litter boxes, so no outdoor walks are required.
• Affectionate and playful while still enjoying alone time.

• May scratch furniture without proper scratch posts.
• Can be picky about litter, food or changes in routine.
• Some people are allergic to cat dander.

Small mammals can be wonderful pets when handled gently and housed correctly. They are often chosen for children, but adults should always be the primary caregivers.

Birds are intelligent, vocal and often very social animals. Some species, like budgies or cockatiels, are smaller and easier for beginners. Larger parrots are demanding, long-lived pets that require daily interaction, mental stimulation and specialized care.

• Many enjoy bonding closely with their human caretakers.
• Colorful, lively and entertaining to watch and listen to.
• Can learn tricks and sometimes even speech.

• Noise levels can be high, especially in the morning or evening.
• Need large cages, varied diets and regular out-of-cage time.
• Some parrots may live 40–60+ years — a big lifetime commitment.

Fish are mostly “look but don’t touch” pets. They can be calming to watch and fit well in small homes, but their water quality and tank setup are crucial. A well-maintained aquarium is a miniature ecosystem that needs regular attention.

• Quiet and do not require handling or social interaction.
• Beautiful colors and behaviors; good for people who enjoy observation.
• Freshwater community tanks can house several species together (with planning).

• Need appropriate tank size, filtration and regular water changes.
• Overfeeding and poor maintenance quickly harm fish.
• Saltwater and reef tanks are complex and best for experienced keepers.

Reptiles can make fascinating pets, but they require very specific environments. Heat, humidity, lighting and diet must match the species’ natural needs. Many reptiles are more for quiet observation than cuddling.

• Often quiet and have little odor when enclosures are maintained.
• Interesting behaviors and appearances; good for careful observers.
• Some species need less daily interaction than mammals or birds.

• Require specialized equipment: heat lamps, UVB lights, thermostats and thermometers.
• Diet may include insects or frozen rodents, which some owners find difficult.
• Many reptiles live a long time; some turtles and tortoises outlive their owners.

Invertebrate pets include tarantulas, stick insects, praying mantises, snails, hermit crabs and more. They are usually kept by enthusiasts who enjoy observing unique behaviors and learning about their biology.

• Small space requirements and usually quiet.
• Can be highly interesting to watch, especially during feeding or molting.
• Often cheaper to feed than many other pets.

• Not ideal if you want a cuddly or interactive companion.
• Some species (like tarantulas) may bite or irritate skin if mishandled.
• May not be understood or welcomed by all guests or family members.

Some people keep traditional farm animals as companions, especially in rural areas: chickens for eggs, goats for lawn care, or miniature pigs as intelligent housemates. These animals can be affectionate and entertaining, but they have complex needs and may not be allowed in all neighborhoods.

• Can provide eggs, fertilizer or other benefits in addition to companionship.
• Great for people who enjoy outdoor chores and larger animals.
• Many are social and bond with their owners.

• Require outdoor space, secure housing and protection from predators.
• Local regulations may limit or ban roosters, pigs or livestock in residential zones.
• Vet care for farm species can be harder to find in some areas.

Ethical & Legal Considerations

Not every animal that can physically live in a home is a good pet. Some wildlife and exotic species suffer in captivity or pose safety and disease risks. A responsible pet owner:

• Researches the species thoroughly before bringing it home.
• Checks local laws on exotic animals, breed restrictions and licensing.
• Avoids buying wild-caught animals or supporting illegal trade.
• Plans for the entire lifespan of the pet, including what happens if you move or your circumstances change.
• Considers adopting from shelters or rescues when possible.

How to Choose the Right Pet for You

Use the questions below as a mini checklist when comparing different kinds of animals:

• How long does this species live? Am I ready for that commitment?
• How big will it get? Do I have enough space?
• What does it eat? Can I easily and reliably provide that diet?
• Does it need companions of its own species? Should I plan for more than one?
• How much daily interaction is required? Will it be lonely if I’m at work all day?
• Are there common health problems? Is there a local vet who treats this species?
• Is anyone in the home scared of or allergic to this type of animal?

Taking time to answer these questions honestly can prevent many future problems and help make sure both you and your new pet enjoy a safe, happy life together.